Freedom Activist Network's Guide To
Chronology of Freedom

YEAR
2008 · 2007 · 2006 · 2005 · 2004 · 2003 · 2002 · 2001 · 2000
1990s · 1980s · 1970s · 1960s · 1950s · 1940s · 1930s · 1920s · 1910s · 1900s
1800s · 1700s · 1600s · 1500s · 1400s · 1300s · 1200s · 1100s · 1000s · Before 1000

 

OTHER FREEDOM CHRONOLOGY
Freedom Chronology Research Organizations & Websites

 

 

2008

Amy Goodman and 2 Democracy Now! producers assaulted and falsely arrested by police while covering protests at Republican National Convention in Saint Paul Minnesota

July 30 2008
Turkey Constitutional Court rules Justice and Development Party will lose half its government subsidy because of its efforts to repeal a prohibition banning head scarves and veils worn by Turkish university women.

May 15 2008
California Supreme Court decides 4-3 that same gendered couples have an equal right to marriage.
sfgate.com/samesexmarriage2008

May 1 2008
Deborah Jeane Palfrey, aka DC Madam, convicted of US federal racketeering, money laundering, pandering and prostitution law violations, dies from hanging, possibly suicide.

Apr 5 2008
Charlton Heston, fmr Pres of National Rifle Association and firearms liberty activist, dies.

Feb 27 2008
William F Buckley Jr, conservative author and philosopher, dies.

Feb 17 2008
Kosovo Parliament declares independence from Serbia.

Jan 1 2008
Mae Nutt, aka Grandma Marijuana, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, dies.

 

 

2007

Dec 13 2007
Corrine Millet, Bd Dir of Patients Out of Time, US FDA Investigational New Drug Compassionate Access Program prescription cannabis recipient and glaucoma patient, dies.

Sept 27 2007
John E Berthoud, President of National Taxpayers Union, President of National Taxpayers Union Foundation and taxpayers rights activist, dies.

Sept 15 2007
National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws Founder R Keith Stroup and High Times Assoc Publisher Richard Cusick arrested on cannabis possession charges while attending Freedom Rally in Boston, Massachusetts.

Jan 11 2007
Robert Anton Wilson, author, philosopher, Prominent Anarchist, Prominent Agnostic, Prominent Subgenius, Prominent Cannabis Smoker and friend of Timothy Leary, dies.

 

 

2006

Dec 26 2006
James Wilson, aka Chef Ra, High Times columnist and cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Nov 18 2006
Mike Alcalay, Green Aid: Medical Marijuana Legal Defense and Education Fund Inc Bd Dir, Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative Medical Dir, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, acquired immune deficiency syndrome patient; leukemia patient, dies.

Nov 16 2006
Milton R Friedman, Nobel Prize in Economics recipient, classical liberal, author and free market economist, dies.

July 2 2006
Lynn Zimmer, drug liberty activist, multiple scleroisis patient and co-author of Marijuana Myths Marijuana Facts, dies.

Mar 27 2006
Franklyn C "Lyn" Nofziger, Republican speechwriter and medicinal cannabis liberty proponent, dies at Falls Church, Virginia.

Mar 1 2006
Harry Browne, author and Libertarian Party nominee for US Pres, dies at Franklin, Tennessee.

 

 

2005

Dec 17 2005
US President George Walker Bush admits authorizing domestic electronic surveillance without court order.

Dec 16 2005
New York Times publishes "Bush reportedly authorized agency to spy on Americans". The authorization is in apparent violation of the Foreign Surveillance Intelligence Act. New York Times admits withholding the story from print for over a year, news that could have influenced the outcome of the 2004 US Presidential election.

Dec 10 2005
Eugene Joseph McCarthy, former US Senator, candidate for US President and peace activist, dies.

Dec 8 2005
R W Bradford, founder of Liberty, Editor of Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Randian objectivist and libertarian, dies. nyu.edu/projects/sciabarra/essays/2-sciabarra.pdf

Oct 24 2005
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, African American civil rights activist, dies in Detroit, Michigan.

June 8 2005
USS Liberty Veterans Association General Legal Counsel James R Gotcher files "A Report: War Crimes Committed Against U.S. Military Personnel, June 8 1967", claiming Israel committed war crimes during Israeli military's attack on USS Liberty in international waters off Egypt's Sinai coast on June 8 1967.

Apr 17 2005
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Feb 27 2005
United Nation's (UN) World Health Organization's (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) that would increase tobacco taxes and prohibit public tobacco smoking, advertising, promotions and sponsorships takes effect. who.int/tobacco/en

Feb 20 2005
Hunter Stockton Thompson, author, journalist and drug liberty activist, dies of gun wound in Woody Creek, Colorado.

Feb 11 2005
Attorney Lynne Stewart found guilty of aiding terrorism after she issued a press release with a statement by her client, Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman, urging his followers to break a cease fire with the Egyptian government. Prosecutors contend the statement was the equivalent of a call to resume hostilities.

Feb 7 2005
Cuban government prohibits smoking in public places.

Jan 20 2005
George Walker Bush inaugerated US President.

 

 

2004

Nov 2 2004
Ann Arbor, Michigan voters overwhelmingly pass Proposal C, a medicinal cannabis proposal, 74% yes to 26% no. Freedom Activist Network Dir Richard James Birkett authored Proposal C. George Walker Bush reelected US President.

Sept 21 2004
Montel Williams discusses medicinal cannabis with activist Angel McClary Raich on Montel Williams Show. View show on Real Player.

July 7 2004
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, is released from prison where he began serving his term on Oct 8 2003 after pleading guilty to US drug paraphrenalia law charges.

June 5 2004
Ronald Wilson Reagan, former US President, dies.

Apr 15 2004
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 20 2004
Ron Crickenberger, former Political Director of Libertarian National Committee Inc, dies.

 

 

2003

Nov 5 2003
Police officers, with guns drawn, raid Stratford High School in Goose Creek, South Carolina, ordering students to get down on the floor while police search for cannabis. Students who didn't move fast enough were handcuffed. During the 45 minute raid no drugs were found. On Apr 4 2006 a federal judge approved a $1.2 million settlement for 59 students terrorized by the search. stopthedrugwar.org/chronicle/430/goosecreek.shtml

Nov 4 2003
Montel Williams, television talk show host of Montel Williams Show, is arrested at Detroit Metropolitan Airport, Romulus, Michigan, for possession of cannabis and paraphernalia. Williams later pleads guilty to possession of paraphernalia.

Oct 8 2003
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, begins serving a 9 months prison term after being sentenced for US drug paraphrenalia law violations on Sept 11 2003.

Sept 11 2003
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, is sentenced to 9 months prison, $103,000 fine and a year probation after pleading guilty to US drug paraphrenalia law charges on May 13 2003.

Aug 29 2003
Alaska Court of Appeals decides Alaskans have the right to grow and possess upto 4 ounces of marijuana in their home.
mpp.org/states/site/quicknews.cgi?key=4870

June 29 2003
Don Topping, founder of Drug Policy Forum of Hawaii, medicinal cannabis liberty activist and cancer patient, dies.

June 7 2003
Cheryl Miller, medicinal cannabis activist and multiple sclerosis patient, dies.

June 4 2003
Ed Rosenthal is sentenced to one day in jail after found guilty of violating US federal law prohibiting manufacture of cannabis.

May 23 2003
New York City police officers mistakenly raid the home of Joe Celcis, smashing open the door, handcuffing several people, pointing a gun in the face of a 12 year old girl, and ransacking the house for 90 minutes before realizing they had raided the wrong address.

May 13 2003
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, pleads guilty to US drug paraphrenalia law charges after his indictment resulting from Operation Pipe Dream on Feb 24 2003. Chong claims to plead in order to spare his wife and son prosecution.

Apr 16 2003
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 30 2003
Dyanne Petersen, of Libertarian Alliance, dies.

Feb 24 2003
US Drug Enforcement Administration announces indictments of 55 persons, including actor and comedian Thomas Chong, the culmination of investigations code named Operation Pipe Dreams and Operation Headhunter.

 

 

2002

Oct 13 2002
Eugene Feingold, Bd Dir of American Civil Liberties Union of Washtenaw County, dies.

June 9 2002
Robert Lunday, member of Sensible Seattle Coalition Steering Committee and cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Apr 19 2002
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 23 2002
Robert Nozick, philosopher and author of Anarchy, State and Utopia, dies.

 

 

2001

Nov 10 2001
Ken Kesey, aka Merry Prankster, author of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, dies.

Oct 25 2001
US Drug Enforcement Administration agents raid and close medicinal cannabis provider Los Angeles Cannabis Resource Center in West Hollywood, California. letfreedomgrow.com/articles/ca020826.htm

Sept 11 2001
Come to be known as 9/11, both World Trade Center 110-story towers collapse, killing nearly 3,000, after each tower is rammed by separate hijacked commercial airliners, in New York City, New York. Third plane, either a small jet or a hijacked commercial airliner, broadsides Pentagon, killing 187, in Arlington, Virginia. Fourth hijacked commercial airliner crashes in SW Pennsylvania, killing all aboard, but fails to reach the hijackers' intended target. Alternative explanations gain credibility later.

Sept 2 2001
US Federal Bureau of Investigation agent kills camp owner Grover Thomas Crosslin at his Rainbow Farm Campground, near Vandalia, Michigan, after Crosslin refuses to surrender himself for arrest or his property for forfeiture, preceded by an earlier search of his property allegedly revealing cannabis cultivation. Crosslin was also wanted for firearms, tax and bail violations. mapinc.org/norml/v03.n1305.a07.html?, notesonthescene.com/rainbow_farm.html

Aug 18-19 2001
150,000 attend first two-day Seattle Hempfest held at Myrtle Edwards Park Pier 70, Seattle, Washington.

June 2 2001
Robert C Randall, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, glaucoma patient, co-founder of Alliance for Cannabis Therapeutics, and co-author (w Alice M O'Leary), Marijuana Rx: The Patients' Fight for Medicinal Pot, dies.

Apr 30 2001
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 25 2001
Rheumatoid arthritis patient William Foster, originally sentenced to 93 years in prison for medicinal cannabis cultivation, is paroled after serving 5 years.

 

 

2000

Aug 20 2000
100,000 attend 10th annual Seattle Hempfest held at Myrtle Edwards Park Pier 70, Seattle, Washington.

June 14 2000
Peter Alexander McWilliams, medicinal cannabis liberty activist and author, while under house arrest, dies of suffocation from vomiting, after US federal judge deprives McWilliams of the most effective medicine that could have prevented his nausea, medicinal cannabis.

May 3 2000
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

2000
South Carolina, Oklahoma and Massachusetts prohibit tattoos.

 

 

1990s

1999 · 1998 · 1997 · 1996 · 1995 · 1994 · 1993 · 1992 · 1991 · 1990

 

1999

Dec 17 1999
Jim N Rosenfield, co-founder of Media Awareness Project; host of Conservatives on Prohibition, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Sept 6 1999
Robert Kundert, cannabis liberty activist, founder and president of American Cannabis Society, dies.

Aug 22 1999
90,000 attend 9th annual Seattle Hempfest held at Myrtle Edwards Park Pier 70, Seattle, Washington.

July 8 1999
US Drug Enforcement Administration reclassifies Marinol, a synthetic form of tetra-hydro-cannabinol, a psychoactive compound found in cannabis, from Schedule II to Schedule III.

May 11 1999
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 10 1999
Mary Jane Rathbun, aka "Brownie Mary", medicinal cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Feb 9 1999
Louisiana appeals court decides Louisiana's sodomy law violates "the right of consenting adults to engage in non-commercial sexual activity, free from government interference, is protected by the privacy clause of the Louisiana constitution."

 

1998

Oct 15 1998
Winston Perry Bullard, former Michigan State Representative and cannabis liberty activist, dies of auto-asphyxiaphilia in Canton Township, Michigan.

May 29 1998
Barry Morris Goldwater, aka Mister Conservative, 1964 Republican Party nominee for US Pres, AZ US Senator, Conservative Activist and libertarian sympathizer, dies.

Apr 13 1998
Free Todd McCormick Rally held at 6:30 pm at Federal Courthouse, Los Angeles, California. Speakers include medicinal cannabis liberty activist and unsuccessful Republican candidate for California governor Dennis Peron and Ann McCormick, Todd's mother.

 

1997

Nov 5 1997
Isaiah Mendelevich Berlin, self-identifed liberal and author of Four Essays on Liberty and "Two Concepts of Liberty", dies in Oxford, England.

July 1997
Medicinal cannabis activist Todd McCormick is arrested by US Drug Enforcement Administration agents on federal cannabis cultivation violations. Todd McCormick claims California's Proposition 215 allows him to possess and cultivate cannabis to treat his intense cancer-induced pain and his clinical depression.

June 26 1997
US Supreme Court invalidates Communications Decency Act.

June 15 1997
Legalize! sponsors First Global Anti-Prohibition Day at Amsterdam, San Francisco, Norwich and Tallinn

May 27 1997
In Suitum v Tahoe Regional Planning Agency (96-243), US Supreme Court decides states must provide due process in "just compensation" claims by propertyowners burdened by land regulation.

May 26 1997
US Supreme Court refuses to hear appeal of US Circuit Court of Appeals decision that Baltimore's prohibition of tobacco billboard advertising does not violate US Constitution's First Amendment. The Circuit Court wrote "Baltimore's interest is to protect children who are not yet independently able to assess the value of the message presented.''.

May 15 1997
US Coast Guard announces new policy of seizing boats attempting to enter Cuban waters.

Apr 5 1997
Irwin Allen Ginsberg, poet and hippie, dies.

Apr 4 1997
Leo Paoli, author of California Marijuana Initiative and cannabis liberty activist, dies in Napa, California.

1997
Montana Supreme Court decides Montana's gay sex law violates the right to privacy as protected by the state's constitution.

 

1996

Dec 20 1996
Carl Sagan dies.

May 31 1996
Timothy Leary, author, philosopher and drug liberty activist, dies.

 

1995

Aug 9 1995
Jerome John (Jerry) Garcia, musician and composer with Grateful Dead, dies.

Jan 7 1995
Murray Newton Rothbard, libertarian philosopher and author, dies.

 

1994

Sept 17 1994
Karl Raimund Popper, science philosopher, dies.

Apr 22 1994
Karl Hess, anarchist libertarian philosopher and speechwriter, dies.

 

1993

Dec 4 1993
Frank Vincent Zappa, musician, speech liberty activist, censorship critic and Cultural Liaison Officer to Czech Republic, dies.

Aug 8 1993
Sharpshooters from Kentucky State Police Special Response Team kill Gary Shepherd and wound his wife in his front yard in Broadhead, Kentucky after Shepherd refused police requests to enter his home and after false reports that Shepherd was firing a rifle at helicopters and holding his wife and child hostage. Shepherd, a disabled veteran, was allegedly growing cannabis for his own medicinal use. hr95.org/Memorial.html#shepherd, mir.drugtext.org/drcnet/guide2-95/gary.html

Apr 19 1993
US Attorney General Janet Reno and US Federal Bureau of Investigation decide to end the standoff at the Davidian's Mount Carmel compound near Waco, Texas. Tanks smash through walls and sprays CS gas inside the compound. FBI agents fire "ferret" canisters using grenade launchers through all windows. Fire and smoke kills 76 including 27 children. 20 of the dead also have gunshot wounds. 7 who survive the fire are arrested.
also see Waco Siege

Jan 1993
US President George Herbert Walker Bush pardons Aslam Adam, a Pakistani convicted in 1985 of smuggling $1 million worth of heroin from Pakistan.

 

1992

Oct 2 1992
Police kill Donald Scott in his home in Malibu, California after invading his home with two forfeiture specialists in tow with orders to seize his $5 million ranch if cannabis plants are found. No plants, drugs or paraphrenalia were found. Scott was opposed to all drug use.

Aug 25 1992
San Francisco, California Board of Supervisors declare Aug 25 1992 "Brownie Mary Day" honoring medicinal cannabis liberty activist Mary Jane Rathbun.

Aug 30 1992
Avoiding a planned US Federal Bureau of Investigation assault, Bo Gritz convinces Randall Claude Weaver to surrender.
also see Ruby Ridge

Aug 22 1992
US Federal Bureau of Investigation sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots off the head of Randall Claude Weaver's wife Vicki at Weavers' property in Ruby Ridge, Idaho.

Aug 21 1992
Randall Claude Weaver's son Sammy and US Marshall William Degan shot dead after firefight at Weavers' property in Ruby Ridge, Idaho.

July 10 1992
Manuel Noriega is sentenced to a 40 year prison term without parole after jury convicts him of 8 counts of drug smuggling, conspiracy and racketeering.

May 22 1992
Roy A Childs Jr, anarchist libertarian and author, dies.

Mar 23 1992
Friedrich A von Hayek, philosopher and author, dies in Freiburg, Germany. hayekcenter.org/friedrichhayek/hayek_gravestone.html

Mar 1992
Secretary of the United States Department of Health and Human Services Louis Wade Sullivan terminates Investigational New Drug Compassionate Access Program that provides medicinal cannabis to individual patients, except to those 15 patients who were receiving cannabis at the time.

 

1991

Dec 1 1991
George Joseph Stigler, University of Chicago free market economist, dies.

June 23 1991
Public Health Service Chief James O Mason suspends the fourteen year-old Investigational New Drug Compassionate Access Program that provides medicinal cannabis to individual patients.

Aug 17 1991
500 attend first annual Seattle Hempfest, originally billed as Washington Hemp Expo, held at Volunteer Park, Seattle, Washington.

Feb 24 1991
United States military and its allies start their ground attack to eject the Iraqi military from Kuwait.

Jan 17 1991
United States military and its allies start bombing Iraq.

 

1990

Sept 27 1990
European Court of Human Rights decides transgenders do not have the right to change the gender listed on their birth certificates nor the right to marry.

Aug 2 1990
Iraqi military attacks and occupies Kuwait.

July 11 1990
Hong Kong repeals its sodomy laws.

June 24 1990
200,000 attend Gay Pride parade in New York City, New York.

June 24 1990
Nevil Schoenmakers, owner of Seed Bank in Amsterdam, Netherlands, is arrested at the request of US Government by Australian police while visiting his family in Perth.

Apr 22 1990
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 3 1990
Panamanian President Manuel Noriega surrenders to the US Drug Enforcement Agency at a Catholic nunnery in Papal Nuncio, Panama.

 

 

 

1980s

1989 · 1988 · 1987 · 1986 · 1985 · 1984 · 1983 · 1982 · 1981 · 1980

 

1989

Dec 29 1989
Czechoslovak voters elect Vaclav Havel President. Havel appoints musician Frank Vincent Zappa Cultural Liaison Officer to US.

Dec 24 1989
Panamanian President Manuel Noriega seeks refuge in a Catholic nunnery in Papal Nuncio, Panama.

Dec 20 1989
US President George Herbert Walker Bush orders United States military to attack Panama.

Nov 15 1989
Massachusetts enacts gay anti-discrimination law.

Nov 9 1989
Berlin Wall is dismantled as East Germany and West Germany are reunified.

Oct 3 1989
Coup attempt fails against Panamanian President Manuel Noriega.

Oct 1 1989
Denmark legalizes gay marriages.

June 3-4 1989
300-7,000 protesters are killed by China's People's Liberation Army at Tiananmen Square, Beijing, China.
cnd.org/China89, infoplease.com/spot/tiananmen.html

May 7 1989
Guillermo Endara wins Panamanian Presidential election by margin of 3 to 1. Panamanian President Manuel Noriega "vacates" the election results.

Apr 30 1989
30,000 march in Austin, Texas demanding repeal of Texas' sodomy laws and increased funding for AIDS programs.

Feb 14 1989
"I inform the proud Muslim people of the world that the author of The Satanic Verses [Salman Rushdie], which is against Islam, the Prophet and the Koran, and all involved in its publication who were aware of its content, are sentenced to death. ... I call on all zealous Muslims to execute them quickly, wherever they find them. ... Whoever is killed on this path will be regarded as a martyr." states Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran.

1989
In Webster v Reproductive Health Services, US Supreme Court decides states may restrict or prohibit government funds, facilities, and employees from performing or assisting abortions.

 

1988

Dec 1 1988
First World AIDS Day, sponsored by United Nations' World Health Organization.

Sept 18 1988
8888 Uprising ends as Tatmadaw, the Burma/Myanmar security forces, kill ~3000 protesters and others, after a bloody coup by State Law and Order Restoration Council at Rangoon, Burma.

Aug 8 1988
8888 Uprising begins as Burma students, and later, monks protest demanding democracy.

May 2 1988
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 23 1988
Israel repeals its sodomy laws.

Feb 5 1988
US grand jury indicts Manuel Noriega on US drug law violations.

 

1987

Oct 11 1987
500,000 attend gay rights rally in Washington, District of Columbia, the largest gay gathering ever.

Feb 14-20 1987
First National Condom Week.

 

1986

Dec 5 1986
Nevada Supreme Court upholds their state's sodomy laws.

Dec 2 1986
Ontario, Canada enacts gay anti-discrimination law.

July 15 1986
Missouri Supreme Court upholds their state's sodomy laws.

July 9 1986
New Zealand repeals its sodomy laws.

June 30 1986
US Supreme Court decides Georgia's sodomy law is not unconstitutional.

 

1985

Sept 19 1985
Frank Vincent Zappa and Jello Biafra testify at US Senate Commerce, Technology and Transportation Committee's music hearings criticizing Parents Music Resource Center proposals for rating music.

1985
Texas enacts gay-only sodomy law in an attempt to conform to federal court objections to prohibiting heterosexual sodomy.

 

1984

Dec 8 1984
Virginia jury finds Larry Flynt did not libel Jerry Falwell in a Hustler magazine parody of Falwell as a incestuous drunk.

Dec 5 1984
Berkeley, California passes law extending benefits to city employees' domestic partners.

May 30 1984
US Supreme Court decides a New York state law prohibiting loitering for the purpose of deviant sexual intercourse unconstitutional.

 

1983

Dec 28 1983
Frank Chodorov, philosopher and free market activist, dies.

May 21 1983
Eric Hoffer, philosopher and author, dies.

May 5 1983
Wisconsin becomes 27th US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

 

1982

Dec 18 1982
Quebec, Canada parliament approves domestic partners law.

Oct 25 1982
Northern Ireland repeals its sodomy laws.

Sept 21 1982
Oklahoma Supreme Court decides homosexuality is not grounds for ruling a parent unfit.

Aug 17 1982
Federal court decides Texas sodomy law unconstitutional.

Mar 6 1982
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, dies in New York City, New York.

Feb 25 1982
Wisconsin becomes the first US state to enact a statewide gay anti-discrimination law.

 

1981

Sept 16 1981
US Representative Newt Gingrich introduces legislation that would allow medicinal use of cannabis.

Aug 26 1981
Roger Baldwin, co-founder of American Civil Liberties Union, dies.

July 6 1981
US Federal court decides Houston, Texas' law prohibiting cross-dressing unconstitutional.

June 3 1981
A Maryland court upholds state law prohibiting oral sodomy.

Feb 5 1981
Toronto, Ontario, Canada police arrest 305 men during a raid on four gay bathhouses. Police cause extensive property damage. 3,000 protest the following night.

 

1980

Dec 18 1980
New York State Court of Appeals nullifies state sodomy laws.

Apr 21 1980
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 15 1980
Jean Paul Sartre, philosopher and author, dies in Paris, France.

Jan 19 1980
William Orville Douglas, US Supreme Court Justice, dies in Washington, District of Columbia.

 

 

1970s

1979 · 1978 · 1977 · 1976 · 1975 · 1974 · 1973 · 1972 · 1971 · 1970

 

1979

Dec 25 1979
Soviet Union military invades Afghanistan.

Oct 14 1979
100,000 attend Gay and Lesbian Civil Rights March on Washington, District of Columbia.

May 21 1979
White Night Riots. San Francisco, California jury finds fmr San Francisco Supervisor Dan White guilty of two counts of voluntary manslaughter, not murder, for killing openly gay San Francisco Supervisor Harvey Milk and San Francisco Mayor George Mascone. Protests after the verdict culminates at City Hall where 150 are injured and police cars are burned. Later that night, San Francisco police officers enter the gay bar White Elephant and beat patrons, many who had no part in protests earlier that day.

 

1978

Nov 27 1978
San Francisco, California Supervisor Dan White assassinates openly gay Supervisor Harvey Milk and Mayor George Mascone after White learns Mascone plans to replace White on the Board of Supervisors. Spontaneous candlelight vigil forms on San Francisco's Market Street. White had been critical of gay rights.

Nov 7 1978
California voters defeat Proposition 6 by a 59% to 41% margin. Proposition 6 would have prohibited gays and anyone advocating a gay lifestyle from teaching in public schools.

July 27 1978
New Jersey repeals its sodomy laws.

June 25 1978
350,000 attend Gay Freedom Day Parade in San Francisco, California.

Apr 30 1978
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 20 1978
San Francisco, California Board of Supervisors passes gay anti-discrimination law by 11 to 1.

 

1977

Nov 8 1977
Spontaneous celebrations fill San Francisco, California's streets after openly gay candidate Harvey Milk is elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors.

June 26 1977
300,000 attend Gay Pride parade in San Francisco, California and 75,000 in New York City, New York. Barcelona, Spain police fire rubber bullets at a gay pride parade of 4,000, injuring dozens.

June 8 1977
10,000 attend a spontaneous gay rights march, protesting Dade County, Florida's repeal of their gay anti-discrimination law. Florida enacts law prohibiting marriages and adoptions by gays.

June 7 1977
Dade County, Florida voters repeal gay anti-discrimination law by more than 2 to 1 margin.

May 30 1977
Nebraska legislature overrides their governor's veto and repeals its sodomy laws.

Mar 17 1977
Arkansas reinstates its sodomy laws two years after it repealed them.

Jan 21 1977
US President Jimmy Carter grants Vietnam draft evaders full pardon.

 

1976

June 24 1976
Iowa becomes 17th US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

Jun 10 1976
West Virginia becomes 16th US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

Apr 10 1976
National Tax Protest Day.

Mar 29 1976
US Supreme Court upholds Virginia's sodomy laws in a 6-3 vote.

 

1975

Nov 25 1975
Leaders of the military intelligence services of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay meet with Manuel Contreras, chief of the Chilean secret police Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA), in Santiago, Chile, to plan elimination of leftist and socialist opposition and dissent by abduction and assassination called Operation Condor.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Condor

June 7 1975
New Hampshire inadvertently repeals its sodomy laws when they reformed its rape law.

May 12 1975
California repeals its sodomy laws.

Apr 3 1975
New Mexico becomes tenth US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

Mar 11 1975
Madison, Wisconsin city council passes gay anti-discrimination law.

 

1974

Aug 9 1974
Richard Milhouse Nixon resigns as US President.

June 30 1974
40,000 attend Fifth Annual Christopher Street Liberation Day Parade commemorating Stonewall protests.

 

1973

Nov 5 1973
US Supreme Court upholds Florida's sodomy laws.

Oct 26 1973
Yom Kippur War ends.

Oct 6 1973
Israeli military attacks Egypt to start the Yom Kippur War.

Sept 11 1973
US President Richard Millhous Nixon, US Secretary of State Heinz (Henry) Alfred Kissinger, US Central Intelligence Agency, Chile General Augusto Pinochet, International Telephone and Telegraph and Pepsico plot to overthrow Chile President Salvador Isabellino Allende Gossens that ends in Allende's assassination and Pinochet's accent to power.

June 1973
20,000 attend Fourth Annual Christopher Street Liberation Day Parade commemorating Stonewall protests.

Feb 27 1973
Lakotans and American Indian Movement begin 71 day occupation at Wouded Knee ending after US military intervention.

Jan 22 1973
In Roe v Wade (410 US 113), US Supreme Court decides laws prohibiting abortion violate a person's 9th Amendment right to privacy. Roe has since worked to reverse the decision.

 

1972

Dec 14 1972
Apollo 17 astronaut Eugene A Cernan becomes the last human Earthling to walk on the Moon.

June 19 1972
In United States v United States District Court, US Supreme Court decides warrantless domestic national security surveillanace and wiretaps violates the warrant requirement of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States, and resulting evidence suppressed. The decision leads to Lawrence "Pun" Plamondon's release from prison.

June 19 1972
Ann Arbor, Michigan hosts first official Gay Pride Week proclaimed by city council weeks earlier.

Apr 15 1972
Frank Hyneman Knight, University of Chicago free market economist, dies.

Apr 1 1972
Anonymous flyers advertise "Hash Festival", later known as Ann Arbor Hash Bash, held at University of Michigan Diag, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Mar 23 1972
Delaware becomes sixth US state to repeal its sodomy laws. Oregon, Hawaii and Colorado were the third, fourth and fifth US states earlier.

Mar 22 1972
National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, chaired by Raymond P Shafer, submits its report "Marihuana: A Signal of Misunderstanding" to President and Congress of the United States.

Mar 7 1972
East Lansing, Michigan becomes first city to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation in city hiring.

 

1971

Dec 13 1971
Michigan Supreme Court orders John Sinclair released from prison after serving 2-1/2 years of 9-1/2 to 10 year sentence for giving an undercovoer narcotics officer 2 cannabis cigarettes.

Dec 10 1971
15,000 attend the John Sinclair Freedom Rally at Crisler Arena, Ann Arbor, Michigan. John Lennon, Bob Seger, Stevie Wonder and other musicians perform.

Oct 1 1971
Connecticut becomes second US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

July 10 1971
Austrian Parliament decriminalizes its sodomy laws.

June 29 1971
Alaska's US Senator Maurice Gravel enters 4,100 pages of classified documents known as the the Pentagon Papers into the record of Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Grounds.

June 13 1971
New York Times starts publishing classified documents known as the Pentagon Papers leaked to them by Daniel Ellsberg.

Jan 7 1971
US National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws, in it's final report, recommends repeal of all federal laws prohibiting sodomy.

1971
David Nolan and other libertarians found the Libertarian Party.

 

1970

Oct 22 1970
Assailants, funded $50,000 by US Central Intelligence Agency as authorized by US President Richard Millhous Nixon and US Secretary of State Heinz Alfred (Henry) Kissinger, assassinate Chile Army Commander-in-Chief General Rene Schneider Chereau in a failed kidnapping plot, allegedly because Schneider would not agree to a US coup plot to overthrow Chile President-elect Salvador Isabellino Allende Gossens.

Oct 1 1970
US Presidential Commission on Pornography, in it's final report, recommends repeal of most laws prohibiting display and sale of sexually explicit materials. US President Richard Millhous Nixon criticizes the commission's recommendations and vows to ignore them.

Sept 15 1970
US President Richard Millhous Nixon, US Secretary of State Heinz Alfred (Henry) Kissinger and US Central Intelligence Agency Director Richard Helms meet and Nixon authorizes $10 million for a military coup overthrowing Chile President-elect Salvador Isabellino Allende Gossens. They conclude Chile Army Chief General Rene Schneider would not agree to a US coup plot and was targeted to be kidnapped, and as some allege, assassinated.

June 28 1970
10,000 attend gay pride parade on New York City, New York's Sixth Ave celebrating the first anniversary of the Stonewall protests.

May 4 1970
Ohio National Guard kill 4 Kent State Univ students in Kent, Ohio during anti-Vietnam war protests.

Apr 22 1970
Earth Day. US Senator Gaylord Nelson organizes this version of Earth Day with 20 million participants.

Apr 18 1970
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 20 1970
Spring Soltice Earth Day. John McConnell organizes the first Earth Day to coincide with vernal equinox (first day of Spring) and is recognized by United Nations with ringing of UN Peace Bells in New York and Vienna at 2:35am EST. Oddly, there is no spring soltice, only winter soltice (Dec 21) and summer soltice (June 21). Soltice denotes the longest day or longest night. Equinox denotes equal day and night.

Mar 8 1970
New York City police raid a Greenwich Village gay bar, the Snake Pit, for liquor law violations and arrest more than 150 patrons. Charges against all but a few patrons are dropped after newspaper editorials claim it was not illegal to be in a place where liquor law violations occur.

Feb 2 1970
Bertrand Russell, philosopher and author, dies in Penrhyndeudraeth, Wales.

 

 

1960s

1969, 1968, 1967, 1966, 1965, 1964, 1963, 1962, 1961, 1960

 

1969

Oct 1969
Lawrence "Pun" Plamondon indicted for bombing clandestine Central Intelligence Agency office in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Plamondon flees to Algeria.

Aug 30-31 1969
Modern United States libertarian movement born, claim many libertarians, at Young Americans for Freedom's annual conference held in Saint Louis, Missouri, where a libertarian burned his draft card, libertarians walked out, and later some Young Americans for Freedom chapters converted to Students for Individual Liberty chapters.
yaf.com/rebels2.shtml, amconmag.com/2006/2006_11_06/cover.html

July 20 1969
Apollo 11 astronaut Neil A Armstrong becomes the first human Earthling to walk on the Moon. Fellow astronaut Buzz Aldrin becomes the second human Earthling to walk on the moon shortly later.

July 4 1969
First Fourth of July Smoke-In, later known as Rally, March and Concert to End Marijuana Prohibition, held at Washington Momument, Washington, District of Columbia

June 27-28 1969
A New York City police raid for liquor law violations at a Greenwich Village bar, the Stonewall Inn, preceeds two nights of protests by gays, lesbians and transvestites. Protests are marred by fires, rock throwing and property damage.

 

1968

Oct 30 1968
Rose Wilder Lane, libertarian and adoptive grandmother of Roger McBride (deceased), dies in her sleep.

Oct 2 1968
Tlatelolco Massacre, aka The Night of Tlatelolco, Mexican military and police kill between 200 to 300 student demonstrators at Plaza de las Tres Culturas, Mexico City, Mexico.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlatelolco_massacre

Apr 24 1968
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 4 1968
Martin Luther King, Jr assassinated.

1968
John Sinclair and Lawrence "Pun" Plamondon cofound White Panther Party in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

 

1967

June 20 1967
Jury convicts Mohammed Ali, boxing champion also known as Cashius Clay, of draft evasion.

June 10 1967
Israel declares ceasefire to end Six Day War.

June 8 1967
Israel military attacks the USS Liberty in international waters off Egypt's Sinai coast during the Six Day War.
also see June 8 2005

June 5 1967
Israel attacks Egypt, Jordan and Syria to start the Six Day War. Israel occupies Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, and West Bank. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Day_War

May 26 1967
Egypt Prime Minister Nasser orders blockade of Israeli shipping in the Straits of Tiran.

 

1966

July 4 1966
US President Lyndon B Johnson signs Freedom of Information Act.

June 16 1966
In Miranda, US Supreme Court decides to withhold confessions from trial obtained before police warn arrestees of their rights.

1966
Moroccan government cracks down on cannabis growers in the Rif Mountains.

 

1965

Mar 7 1965
Heavily armed Alabama State Troopers and deputies brutally assault civil rights marchers at the Edmund Pettus Bridge on the outskirts of Selma, Alabama.

 

1964

1964
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes The Virtue of Selfishness.

1964
Nobel Committee awards Martin Luther King, Jr the Nobel Prize for Peace.

1964
US enacts Civil Rights Act prohibiting discrimination and establishing Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

 

1963

Nov 24 1963
Jack Leon Ruby assassinates Lee Harvey Oswald on live television in the basement of Dallas Police headquarters.

Nov 22 1963
US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy assassinated in Dallas, Texas by Lee Harvey Oswald, allegedly in conspiracy w possibly Lyndon Baines Johnson, Richard Millhous Nixon, US Central Intelligence Agency, Mafia and/or others. See Assassinations

Nov 22 1963
Aldous Huxley, philosopher and author of Brave New World, dies.

Aug 28 1963
200,000 hear Martin Luther King, Jr deliver his "I Have A Dream" speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial, Washington, District of Columbia.

 

1962

1962
US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy orders the US Navy to blockade military shipments into Cuba to coerce Cuba to remove Soviet Union supplied missles from Cuban soil. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_embargo_against_Cuba

 

1961

Apr 17 1961
1,300 exiled Cubans land at Bay of Pigs, Cuba. 114 die and 1,189 become prisoners before Cuban military ends the revolt days later. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion, parascope.com/articles/1296/bayofpigs.htm

1961
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes For the New Intellectual.

1961
Illinois becomes first US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

 

1960

Apr 10 1960
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1960
US Food and Drug Administration approves contraceptive pills.

 

 

1950s

1959, 1958, 1957, 1956, 1955, 1954, 1953, 1952, 1951, 1950

 

1959

Mar 10 1959
Tibetan National Day. People's Republic of China government forceably suppresses Tibetan protests against Chinese occupation. Dalai Lama flees to India.

 

1958

Apr 10 1958
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

 

1957

Oct 10 1957
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes Atlas Shrugged.

 

1956

Aug 25 1956
Alfred Charles Kinsey, biologist, human sex researcher and sexual liberty activist, dies.

Mar 22 1956
Martin Luther King, Jr is convicted of violating a statute prohibiting boycotts without just cause, and is sentenced $500 fine or 1 year in jail. After losing his appeal, King pays the fine. No other indicted Montgomery Bus Boycott leaders are prosecuted.

Feb 21 1956
90 Montgomery Bus Boycott leaders indicted by a Montgomery County grand jury for violating a statute prohibiting boycotts without just cause.

 

1955

Dec 5 1955
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks is convicted and fined for disorderly conduct, starting the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Dec 1 1955
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, an African American, refuses to give up her seat to a white man on a Montgomery, Alabama public bus. She is arrested by Montgomery police for violating a bus segregation law.

 

1954

 

1953

June 1 1953
John Dewey, philosopher and author, dies.

Feb 6 1953
United States government repeals wartime price controls.

1953
Alfred Charles Kinsey publishes his second book on human sexuality, Sexual Behavior in the Human Female.

 

1952

Sept 26 1952
George Santayana dies.

July 23 1952
"Free Officers" rebel in Egypt.

June 30 1952
Freedom Activist Network founder Richard James Birkett born in Oak Park, Illinois.

 

1951

 

1950

May 25 1950
United States, Britain and France adopt Tripartite Declaration restricting the importation of arms into the Middle East.

Apr 4 1950
Jordan annexes West Bank including East Jerusalem.

Mar 31 1950
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

 

 

1940s

1949, 1948, 1947, 1946, 1945, 1944, 1943, 1942, 1941, 1940

 

1949

Dec 9 1949
United Nations General Assembly adopts resolution endorsing "internationalization" of Jerusalem.

Aug 5 1949
Peter McWilliams, author and medicinal cannabis liberty activist, born.

May 11 1949
Berlin Blockade ends when Soviet Union resumes allowing Autobahn, rail and barge access to West Berlin.

May 11 1949
United Nations grants Israel membership.

Jan 7 1949
First Arab-Israeli War ends.

Jan 4 1949
Roy A Childs Jr, anarchist libertarian and author, born.

1949
People's Republic of China government invades and occupies Tibet. 600 Buddhist temples are destroyed.

 

1948

July 26 1948
US President Harry Truman issues two executive orders abolishing racial segregation in the US military.

July 20 1948
US institutes peace-time military conscription.

June 26 1948
Berlin Airlift begins with Operation Vittles when 32 US C-47's carry 80 tons of supplies to West Berlin.

June 24 1948
Berlin Blockade begins when Soviet Union blocks Autobahn, rail and barge access to West Berlin.

May 15 1948
First Arab-Israeli War begins.

May 14 1948
Jewish separatists proclaim establishment of State of Israel.

Mar 28 1948
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 4 1948
Burma, now Myanmar, gains independence after 63 years of British rule.

1948
Alfred Charles Kinsey publishes his first book on human sexuality, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male.

 

1947

Nov 29 1947
United Nations adopts resolution endorsing partition of Palestine.

Nov 1947
Americans United for Separation of Church and State is founded.

 

1946

May 21 1946
Cheryl Miller, medicinal cannabis activist and multiple sclerosis patient, born.

Apr 21 1946
John Maynard Keynes, economist and philosopher, dies.

 

1945

Sept 2 1945
Japan formally accepts Allied terms of surrender.

Aug 15 1945
Victory in Japan Day, aka V-J Day, when Japan accepts Allied terms for surrender.

Aug 9 1945
70,000 civilians are killed after US military drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan.

Aug 6 1945
140,000 civilians are killed after US military drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.

May 8 1945
Victory in Europe Day, aka V-E Day, the day after German military surrenders.

May 7 1945
German military surrenders unconditionally to Allied military.

May 2 1945
German military in Italy and Austria ceases combat.

Apr 30 1945
Adolph Hitler, founder of German Third Reich, commits suicide in Berlin, Germany.

Apr 28 1945
Benito Mussolini is executed.

Jan 27 1945
Soviet Union military liberates the Auschwitz death camps.

Jan 1945
German military forces 60,000 Auschwitz prisoners to march west away from the approaching Soviet Union military. 15,000 die.

 

1944

Aug 4 1944
German police arrest Anne Frank and 8 other people in Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Aug 1 1944
Uprising against German occupation begins in Warsaw, Poland.

 

1943

May 6 1943
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes The Fountainhead.

 

1942

Sept 2 1942
Winston Perry Bullard, cannabis liberty activist and Michigan State Representative, born in Cleveland ,Ohio.

Aug 1 1942
Jerome John (Jerry) Garcia, musician and songwriter with Grateful Dead, born in San Francisco, California.

March 23 1942
US Army Lt Gen JL DeWitt issues Civilian Exclusion Order imprisoning (internment) Japanese Americans in California.

1942
US Department of Agriculture produces film Hemp for Victory.

 

1941

Jan 6 1941
US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivers his "Four Freedoms" speech. Quote

1941
Cannabis is removed from United State Phamacopoeia and National Formulary.

 

1940

Aug 22 1940
Leon Trotsky, Marxist and exiled Russian dictator, dies from wounds after assassination in Mexico City, Mexico.

May 14 1940
Emma Goldman, anarchist philosopher and author, dies in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and is later buried in Chicago, Illinois near Haymarket.

Mar 6 1940
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

 

 

1930s

1939, 1938, 1937, 1936, 1935, 1934, 1933, 1932, 1931, 1930

 

June 22 1939
Benjamin Ricketson Tucker, Editor of Liberty, anarchist, individualist, dies.

Apr 15 1939
William Orville Douglas confirmed by US Senate as Justice of the US Supreme Court.

Nov 16 1938
Robert Nozick, philosopher and author, born.

Mar 15 1938
Nicolai Bukharin, anarcho-communist, is executed in Moscow, Russia after a guilty verdict for treason at the Trial of the Twenty One, the last and largest of Stalin's Great Purge trials, aka Moscow Trials.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_of_the_Twenty_Oneen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Purge, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Trials

1938
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes Anthem.

Dec 1937–Jan 1938
300,000 are killed and 80,000 women are raped during Japanese Army capture of Nanking, China.

Dec 1937
United States enacts 1937 Marijuana Tax Stamp Act.

July 18 1937
Hunter S Thompson, author, journalist and drug liberty activist, born in Louisville, Kentucky.

1936
US Federal Court decides contraceptives legal for purposes other than disease prevention.

1936
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes We, the Living.

Sept 17 1935
Ken Kesey, aka Merry Prankster, author, born.

1935
Chinese government prohibits cannabis cultivation.

Nov 9 1934
Carl Sagan, author and cannabis liberty activist, born in New York City, New York.

June 1934
Congress passes the National Firearms Act, the first prohibitive tax in the United States.

May 27 1934
US Supreme Court decides National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional.

June 17 1933
Harry Browne, author and Libertarian Party nominee for US Pres, born at New York City, New York.

Sept 18 1931
Michigan enacts prohibition of sale or giving away of unhealthful or adulterated cigarettes.
medicolegal.tripod.com/michiganlaw.htmmichiganlegislature.org/law/mileg.asp?page=getObject&objName=mcl-750-27&userid=

1931
US Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon, who also heads Mellon Bank of Pittsburgh (a bank with which DuPont does business), appoints future nephew-in-law Harry J Anslinger to head US Federal Bureau of Narcotics.

Aug 12 1930
US President Herbert Hoover appoints Harry Jacob Anslinger Commissioner of Bureau of Narcotics.

Feb 11 1930
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

 

 

1920s

1929, 1928, 1927, 1926, 1925, 1924, 1923, 1922, 1921, 1920

Jan 15 1929
Martin Luther King, Jr born.

1929
Coca-Cola becomes cocaine-free after efforts to reduce its cocaine content since 1902.

Dec 7 1928
Noam Avram Chomsky, anarchist philosopher and author, born.

June 3 1926
Irwin Allen Ginsberg, poet and hippie, born in Newark, New Jersey.

Mar 2 1926
Murray Newton Rothbard, liberatian philosopher and author, born in Bronx, New York.

1926
Alissa Rosenbaum, aka Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, immigrates from Russia to United States.

July 20 1923
Francisco "Pancho" Villa, born Doroteo Arango Arámbula, assassinated in an ambush in Chihuahua, Mexico.

May 25 1923
Karl Hess, anarchist libertarian, born.

Feb 17 1922
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Oct 22 1920
Timothy Leary, author, philosopher and drug liberty activist, born in Springfield, Massachusetts.

Aug 26 1920
Tennessee becomes the 36th US state needed to ratify the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing women voting rights.

Feb 12 1920
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1920
Roger Baldwin and Upton Sinclair found American Civil Liberties Union.

 

1910s

1919, 1918, 1917, 1916, 1915, 1914, 1913, 1912, 1911, 1910

 

June 28 1919
? sign Treaty of Versailles.

Apr 13 1919
Madalyn Murray O'Hair, atheist and plaintiff in Murray v Curlett, born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

1919
19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing voting rights for women is adopted by a joint resolution of Congress and sent to the states for ratification.

1919
Ernest Cherrington founds World League Against Alcoholism at Westerville, Ohio.

1919
Azerbaijan Republic, Belgium, British East Africa, Holland, Iceland, Luxembourg, Rhodesia and Sweden guarantee voting rights for women.

Nov 11 1918
? declare armistice ending hostilities of World War I.

1918
Austria, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Poland, Scotland and Wales guarantee voting rights for women.

Apr 6 1917
United States declares war on Germany.

1917
Arkansas, Indiana, Michigan, Nebraska, New York, North Dakota, Ohio and Rhode Island guarantee voting rights for women.

1917
Police arrest and jail 97 members of National Woman's Party for "obstructing traffic" after picketing the White House.

Apr 24 1916
Irish republicans rebel in Dublin, Ashbourne and County Meath, Ireland and declare independence in what has come to be known as the Easter Rising. After six days of fighting, British crush the uprinig and execute it leaders.

Mar 29 1916
Eugene Joseph McCarthy, former US Senator, candidate for US President and peace activist, born.

1916
Jeannette Rankin, a Republican from Montana, is the first women to be elected to US House of Representatives.

May 23 1915
Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary.

1915
Initiative to guarantee voting rights for women is defeated in the state of New York.

1915
Denmark guarantees voting rights for women.

Aug 4 1914
Great Britain declares war on Germany.

Aug 3 1914
Germany declares war on France.

Aug 1 1914
Germany declares war on Russia.

July 28 1914
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.

1914
United States enacts Harrison Narcotic Act.

1914
Montana and Nevada guarantee voting rights for women.

Feb 4 1913
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, African American civil rights activist, born in Tuskegee, Alabama.

July 31 1912
Milton R Friedman, Nobel Prize in Economics recipient, classical liberal, author and free market economist, is born.

1912
Initiatives guaranteeing voting rights for women pass in Arizona, Kansas, and Oregon.

Jan 17 1911
George Joseph Stigler, University of Chicago free market economist, born.

Nov 7 1910
Leo Tolstoy, anarchist and author, dies in Astapovo, Russia.

Jan 20 1910
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

 

1900s

1909, 1908, 1907, 1906, 1905, 1904, 1903, 1902, 1901, 1900

 

June 6 1909
Isaiah Mendelevich Berlin, self-described liberal and author of Two Concepts of Liberty and Four Essays on Liberty, is born in Riga, Latvia.

Feb 20 1909
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) founded.

Jan 1 1909
Barry Morris Goldwater born.

Mar 8 1908
First International Women's Day is celebrated.

Feb 24 1908
US Supreme Court upholds constitutionality of Oregon law limiting the number of hours women, but not men, could operate machinery. Ruling hailed by some feminists as a victory for womens rights.

Sept 22-24 1906
Atlanta Race Riot at Atlanta, Georgia
1906atlantaraceriot.org, atlanta.about.com/od/historicalsitesandpeople/a/atlraceriot2006.htm, georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3033

Mar 17 1906
Johann Most, anarchist, dies in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Mar 13 1906
Susan Brownell Anthony, women's rights activist, dies.

1906
Finland guarantees voting rights for women.

1906
Cora Stoddard, private secretary of then deceased temperance activist Mary H Hunt, founds
Scientific Temperance Federation at Boston, Massachusetts.

June 21 1905
Jean Paul Sartre, philosopher and author, born.

Feb 2 1905
Alissa Rosenbaum, aka Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, born in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Dec 8 1903
Herbert Spencer, libertarian philosopher and author, dies.

Oct 26 1902
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, women's rights activist, dies.

July 28 1902
Karl Raimund Popper, science philosopher, born.

July 25 1902
Eric Hoffer, philosopher and author, born.

Jan 31 1902
First observed Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1902
Australia guarantees voting rights for women.

Aug 25 1900
Frederich Nietzche, philosopher and author, dies.

Jan 22 1900
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

 

 

 

1800s

1890s, 1880s, 1870s, 1860s, 1850s, 1840s, 1830s, 1820s, 1810s, 1800s

 

May 8 1899
Friedrich A von Hayek, philosopher and author, born in Vienna, Austria.

Feb 6 1899
Spanish-American War ends.

Oct 16 1898
William Orville Douglas, US Supreme Court Justice, born in Maine, Minnesota.

Aug 8 1898
United States government deposes Hawaiian monarchy and "annexes" Hawaii.

1897
Iowa and Tennessee enact Cigarette Control Laws, prohibiting manufacture and sale of tobacco cigarettes and cigarette paper. Indiana enacts prohibition of sales and giving away tobacco cigarettes.

Dec 18 1895
Ohio Anti-Saloon League and a similarly named organization merge to form the National Anti-Saloon League in Washington, District of Columbia.

Aug 5 1895
Friedrich Engels, philosopher and author, dies in London.

July 26 1894
Aldous Huxley, philosopher and author of Brave New World, born in Godalming, Surrey, England.

June 23 1894
Alfred Charles Kinsey, biologist, human sex researcher and sexual liberty activist, born in Hoboken, New Jersey.

Oct 18 1893
Lucy Stone, women's rights activist, dies.

May 24 1893
Ohio Anti-Saloon League is founded at Oberlin, Ohio and elects Rev Howard Hyde Russell superintendent.

Jan 1 1892
Ellis Island Immigration Station opens to the first of 12 million immigrants to pass through during its 62 years of operation.

1890
Wyoming admitted as first US state with voting rights for women.

1890
National Woman Suffrage Association and American Woman Suffrage Association merge to form National American Woman Suffrage Association with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan Brownell Anthony and Lucy Stone as officers.

1890
Greek government prohibits importation, cultivation and use of hashish.

Apr 20 1889
Adolph Hitler, founder of German Third Reich, born.

Oct 9 1888
Nicolai Bukharin, anarcho-communist, born in Moscow, Russia.

May 17 1887
Lysander Spooner dies.

Oct 28 1886
US President Grover Cleveland dedicates Statue of Liberty.

May 8 1886
John Stith Pemberton first brews the coca containing syrup that becomes Coca-Cola.

May 4 1886
During an anarchist rally held at Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois, a bomb explodes and kills policemen, anarchists and others. Eight anarchist activists are later arrested for conspiracy to commit murder, convicted and executed despite no direct evidence linking them to the bombing. Also see Anarchists, Death Penalty

Nov 7 1885
Frank Hyneman Knight, University of Chicago free market economist, born.

Jan 21 1884
Roger Baldwin, co-founder of American Civil Liberties Union, born in Wellesley, Massachusetts.

June 5 1883
John Maynard Keynes born.

Mar 14 1883
Karl Marx, communist philosopher and author, dies.

Oct 26 1879
Leon Trotsky, Marxist and Russian dictator, born in Yanovka, Russia.

Sept 20 1878
Upton Sinclair, author, co-founder of American Civil Liberties Union and socialist, born in Baltimore, Maryland.

June 5 1878
Doroteo Arango Arámbula, aka Francisco "Pancho" Villa, Mexican revolutionary and bandido, born in Durango, Mexico.

July 1 1876
Mikhail Bakunin, anarchist, dies in Bern, Germany.

1874
In Minor v Happersett, the US Supreme Court decides citizenship does not give women voting rights and women's rights are delegated to the states.

Dec 1873
Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) is founded at Hillsboro, Ohio.

May 8 1873
John Stuart Mill, philosopher and author, dies.

1873
At women's rights activist Susan Brownell Anthony's trial, after police arrest her for registering and voting in 1872, the judge does not allow Anthony to testify, dismisses the jury, decides her guilty and fines her $100. Anthony refuses to pay.

May 18 1872
Bertrand Russell, philosopher and author, born in Ravenscroft, Wales.

1872
Susan Brownell Anthony, women's rights activist, registers and votes in Rochester, New York, asserting the 14th Amendment gives her the right. Days later, police arrest Anthony.

1870
Utah Territory guarantees voting rights for women.

June 27 1869
Emma Goldman, anarchist philosopher and author, born in Kovno, Russia.

1869
Wyoming Territory guarantees voting rights for women.

1869
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, women's rights activist, founds National Woman Suffrage Association.

July 28 1868
Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States is ratified guaranteeing due process and equal protection.

May 16 1868
US Senate fails by one vote to convict President Andrew Jackson of 11 articles of impeachment.

Oct 1 1867
Karl Marx publishes Das Kapital.

Dec 5 1866
Rose Wilder Lane, libertarian and adoptive grandmother of Roger McBride, born in De Smet, Dakota Territory.

1866
Elizabeth Cady Stanton tests women's constitutional right to hold elected office and runs for US Congress, receiving 24 of 12,000 votes.

1866
American Equal Rights Association is founded to secure rights irrespective of race, color, or gender in United States.

May 29 1865
US President Andrew Johnson grants amnesty and pardons all participants of the Civil War.

Apr 14 1865
John Wilkes Booth assassinates US President Abraham Lincoln.

Jan 19 1865
Pierre Joseph Proudhon, anarchist, dies.

Jan 4 1865
New York Stock Exchange opens at 10-12 Broad St, New York City, New York.

Dec 16 1863
George Santayana born.

July 13-17 1863
50,000 riot in New York City protesting the US Enrollment Act that allowed draftees to avoid compulsory military service by paying a $300 "commutation fee" or finding a substitute. The riot caused $1.5 million in damage (in 1863 dollars).
aka "New York Draft Riots" and "Civil War Draft Riots".
press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html, civilwarhome.com/draftriots.htm

July 11 1863
First lottery of Conscription Law held. press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html

Mar 3 1863
Union Conscription Act

1863
Women's rights activists Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan Brownell Anthony found Women's Loyal National League and gather 300,000 signatures demanding US Senate abolish slavery by constitutional amendment.

Sept 22 1862
US President Abraham Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation.

May 23 1861
Virginia voters pass secession resolution by a ratio of 3 to 1.

May 6 1861
Arkansas secedes from the United States.

Jan 26 1861
Louisiana is the sixth US state to secede from the United States.

Jan 19 1861
Georgia is the fifth US state to secede from the United States.

Jan 11 1861<